Strong but not Unbeatable: Two Cases of Healed Severe Skull Trauma in Males Buried in Medieval Mass Graves (Kutná Hora-Sedlec, Czech Republic)

This paper presents two cases of healed skull trauma recovered from medieval mass burial sites in Kutná Hora-Sedlec (Kutná Hora District/CZ). These recently unearthed pits are historically and contextually associated with key catastrophes: (1) a famine the early 14th century; (2) Black Death mid-14th century. The first evidence survival severe cranial injury highly probable surgical intervention. second one successful surgery, confirming practice trepanation performed by skilled specialist given region at time history. Although both individuals had been robust enough to withstand pain strain treatment, indicating considerable resilience survive trauma, they succumbed infection or that killed large number inhabitants this prominent mining region.